Adjectives are words that describe nouns. In Spanish, adjectives can describe qualities such as size, appearance, condition, or personality. Unlike English, Spanish adjectives must agree with the noun they describe in both gender and number. In this module, you will learn how basic adjectives work in Spanish and how they change to match the nouns they describe.
Adjectives describe nouns and give more information about people, places, or things.
In Spanish, adjectives usually appear after the noun they describe.
Sample Sentences
El libro interesante está en la mochila – The interesting book is in the backpack
La ciudad grande tiene muchos parques – The big city has many parks
El perro pequeño corre por el jardín – The small dog runs through the garden
La playa hermosa atrae turistas – The beautiful beach attracts tourists
Un restaurante nuevo abre hoy – A new restaurant opens today
Spanish adjectives must match the gender of the noun they describe.
Masculine nouns often use adjectives ending in -o, while feminine nouns often use adjectives ending in -a.
Sample Sentences
El carro rojo pasa por la avenida – The red car passes down the avenue
La bicicleta roja está frente al café – The red bicycle is in front of the café
El gato negro duerme en el sofá – The black cat sleeps on the sofa
La gata negra camina por el patio – The black cat walks through the yard
El sombrero blanco está en la mesa – The white hat is on the table
Adjectives must also match whether the noun is singular or plural.
Many adjectives become plural by adding -s if they end in a vowel, or -es if they end in a consonant.
Sample Sentences
Los carros rojos cruzan la avenida – The red cars cross the avenue
Las casas blancas están en la colina – The white houses are on the hill
Los perros grandes corren por el parque – The big dogs run through the park
Las flores bonitas crecen en el jardín – The beautiful flowers grow in the garden
Unos libros interesantes están sobre la mesa – Some interesting books are on the table
There are many common adjectives used frequently in everyday Spanish.
Learning these adjectives helps you describe people, objects, and places more clearly.
Some common adjectives include grande – big, pequeño – small, nuevo – new, viejo – old, bonito – beautiful, and rápido – fast.
Sample Sentences
El edificio grande domina la plaza – The big building dominates the plaza
La casa pequeña está junto al lago – The small house is next to the lake
Un teléfono nuevo está sobre el escritorio – A new phone is on the desk
El puente viejo cruza el río – The old bridge crosses the river
Una ciudad bonita atrae visitantes – A beautiful city attracts visitors
In this module, you learned how basic adjectives work in Spanish. Adjectives describe nouns and usually appear after the noun in a sentence. You also learned that Spanish adjectives must agree with the noun in gender and number. Understanding how adjectives change will help you describe people, objects, and places more clearly in Spanish conversations.